Commonly confused words

insidious vs. invidious

  insidious  formal (something dangerous or deadly that seems to be harmless) They are attempting to put insidious ideas in our minds. You don’t recognize this insidious disease until it’s too late.   invidious  formal (unpleasant and likely to offend other people or make them jealous) The director never makes …

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yoke vs. yolk

  yoke (a wooden bar fastened across the necks of two oxen and attached to the plow) I had to borrow a yoke and two oxen to plow the field. literary (a situation or an experience that limits your freedom and makes your life very difficult to bear) The country is still …

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balmy vs. barmy

  balmy  air, weather, etc. (warm and pleasant) A balmy breeze was blowing across the river. It’s a balmy evening, isn’t it?   barmy (crazy, foolish) I’ll go barmy if I stay here any longer. I think this is a barmy idea.   envocabulary.com

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inflict vs. afflict

  inflict (to make suffer something unpleasant or painful) Years of war inflicted severe damage on the economy. The fences fitted with razor blades inflicted serious injuries on refugees fleeing war.   afflict (cause suffering; distress) The disease has afflicted hundreds in the region. He was afflicted by the death …

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venal vs. venial

  venal (willing to do anything in return for money, corrupt) The venal court official accepted the bribe. He was involved in several venal practices.   venial  formal (a minor sin or offence that can be forgiven) It’s a venial sin to steal a pen and a mortal sin to steal a …

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